{"id":1935,"date":"2017-11-20T08:00:27","date_gmt":"2017-11-20T16:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/eagle\/blog\/?p=1935"},"modified":"2023-07-16T13:13:03","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T20:13:03","slug":"iot-protocols-electronics-designer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/iot-protocols-electronics-designer\/","title":{"rendered":"IoT Protocols for the Electronics Designer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/eagle\/blog\/top-10-things-about-iot-pcb-designer\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Internet of Things (IoT) is connecting our world together more intimately than ever<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It\u2019s also adding a whole new level of complexity and confusion on the shoulders of the electronic designer. The biggest problem is the overwhelming amount of choices and considerations that have to be made for an IoT project. Which protocol is the best? Will my chosen protocol be irrelevant a year from now? Do I have the time to design RF and an antenna? In this blog, we\u2019ll be focusing on the topic of protocols, how they fit into the networking stack, and how you can use modules to make easy work for your first IoT project. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"product-requirements-first-protocols-second\">Product Requirements First, Protocols Second<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Which protocol you choose for your IoT project is one of the most important decisions you\u2019ll make. Not only do you need to meet specific bandwidth and node requirements, but you also need a protocol that is interoperable with the other devices on your network. The protocol you choose will also have an impact on your hardware selections. Need to transmit data long distances? If you go with WiFi, it\u2019s going to require an increase in processing power and power consumption.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engineers new to IoT get held up on choosing the \u201cbest\u201d protocol, or a protocol that won&#8217;t be irrelevant by the time their product gets released to market. The truth is, there is no \u201cbest\u201d protocol, and there are no set standards, yet. So what do you do? Pick the protocol that best solves the problems you\u2019re dealing with today and focuses on your technical constraints, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What kind of range and bandwidth requirements does your application require?<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How many nodes are going to be supported (or potentially supported) on your device\u2019s network? <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What kind of security and power demands will your application require? <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These three questions alone will drive what kind of protocol you choose for your IoT device. Step one, define your product requirements, then look over the available IoT protocols below to determine the best fit.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"where-your-protocol-fits-in-the-stack\">Where Your Protocol Fits in the Stack<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s a big misconception floating around that there will be a \u201cone protocol to rule them all\u201d future. We don\u2019t see this happening. Why? There are a variety of protocol standards to choose from, and they all solve very different problems. Expecting one protocol to satisfy all of these needs just isn\u2019t realistic.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s start with wrapping our hands around how all of these protocols fit together. An easy way to understand the bigger picture is to look at an existing OSI framework for telecommunications and computer networking. Take a look at the image below:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-image-1937\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/osimodel.png\" alt=\"osi model\" class=\"wp-image-59410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/osimodel.png 500w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/osimodel-272x300.png 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The OSI Model provides an easy way to organize protocols into a stack. (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tech-faq.com\/osi-model.html\">Image source<\/a>)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We can use this framework to organize protocols into a series of layers where control and data are passed from one layer to the next. The lower layers deal with raw electrical and binary data, whereas the higher levels deal with network requests and the representation of data. Each layer has a specific job. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-physical-layer\">1. Physical Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer is responsible for transmitting digital data from the physical layer of a source device to the physical layer of a receiving device. This transmission typically happens over Ethernet cables, hubs, and repeaters. At this layer, data takes the form of voltages, radio frequencies, pulses of infrared, or light. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-data-link-layer\">2. Data Link Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer verifies data sent from the Physical Layer and checks for any errors as it organizes bits into data \u201cframes.\u201d This layer also assigns addresses for physical devices with MAC addresses. The Data Link Layer is the most complex layer in the OSI model and is typically divided into Media Access Control and Logical Link Control sublayers. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-network-layer\">3. Network Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer takes data from the Data Link Layer and examines the source and destination addresses in each bit frame. If the frame has reached its final destination, then this layer organizes the data into packets and sends it home. Otherwise, the Network Layer will update the destination address and send the frame along to another destination. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-transport-layer\">4. Transport Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer handles all of the mass transit of data from source to node to the final destination. Here we have data traveling along a TCP networking protocol which provides capabilities for error recovery, flow control, and re-transmission. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-session-layer\">5. Session Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer manages how data gets broken down at various network connection points. It also handles the flow of events that occur for crossover connections. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-presentation-layer\">6. Presentation Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer handles all of the syntax processing for message data, which includes format conversions, encryption, and decryption. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-application-layer\">7. Application Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This layer connects data directly to its end destination application in the hands of the user. The most common example of this is the HTTP protocol which allows data to be sent to\/from a web browser.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the protocols that you\u2019ll be worrying about as an electronics designer will sit within the Transport Layer. It\u2019s here where you\u2019ll be concerned with how data is being transported over a network from source to n the de to end destination. At this point, you have a good idea on how protocols fit into the bigger picture of a networking stack. Let\u2019s now look at the top 10 protocols you\u2019ll want to consider for your first IoT project.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-top-10-protocols-to-consider\">The Top 10 Protocols to Consider<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bluetooth\">Bluetooth<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_214822_bluetooth-logo1.jpeg\" alt=\"bluetooth\" class=\"wp-image-59416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_214822_bluetooth-logo1.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_214822_bluetooth-logo1-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/img_214822_bluetooth-logo1-768x576.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Bluetooth 4.2 Core Specification<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 2.4GHz (ISM) frequency hopping<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 50-150m for BLE<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 1Mbps for BLE<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, with added IPv6 routing in Bluetooth 4.2<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bluetooth is one of the most widely used short-range wireless technologies. For IoT, you\u2019ll commonly find Bluetooth applications in wearable technologies that pair with a smartphone. The newly introduced Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) protocol provides the range of traditional Bluetooth with lower power consumption. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One thing to keep in mind is that BLE is not intended for large file transfers and is better suited for small chunks of data. This is why Bluetooth rules the world of consumer mobile devices. The new Bluetooth Core Specification 4.2 adds a new Internet Protocol Support Profile that will allow Bluetooth Smart Sensors to access the internet directly through 6LoWPAN. This addition can make Bluetooth and BLE an attractive alternative to WiFi for short-range communications.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zigbee\">ZigBee<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"792\" height=\"612\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/zigbee_LOGO_WO_OFFICIAL.jpg\" alt=\"zigbee\" class=\"wp-image-59421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/zigbee_LOGO_WO_OFFICIAL.jpg 792w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/zigbee_LOGO_WO_OFFICIAL-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/zigbee_LOGO_WO_OFFICIAL-768x593.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: ZigBee 3.0 based on IEEE802.15.4<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 2.4 GHz<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 10-100m<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 250 kbps<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, requires bridge<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like Bluetooth, ZigBee has a huge user base, but for industrial applications instead of consumer. This protocol operates at a 2.4GHz frequency and is perfect for industrial settings where data is exchanged over small rates within a building or home. ZigBee and the ZigBee Remote Control are known for providing low-power, secure, and scalable solutions with high node counts. ZigBee 3.0 has further unified the protocol into a single standard, which makes it more accessible for design integration.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wifi\">WiFi<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wifilogo.0-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"wifi\" class=\"wp-image-59426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wifilogo.0-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wifilogo.0-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wifilogo.0-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wifilogo.0.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Based on 802.11n<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequencies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Approximately 50m<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 500Mbps-1Gbps with 802.11ac, depends on channel frequency and antennas<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, works on internet protocol standards<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WiFi is the preferred choice for IoT integration for many electronic designers due to its existing infrastructure, fast data transfer rates, and ability to handle large amounts of data. The most common WiFi standard 802.11 offers transfer rates of hundreds of megabits per second, making it ideal for data transfer but too power consuming for some IoT APplications. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"nfc\">NFC<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_.png\" alt=\"NFC\" class=\"wp-image-59431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/NFC_N-Mark_Logo.svg_-345x345.png 345w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: ISO\/IEC 18000-3<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 13.56MHz (ISM)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 10cm<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 100-420kbps<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, requires bridge for tags and modules<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NFC takes advantage of secure two-way communications between electronic devices. Most recently we\u2019ve seen this interaction occur with smartphones offering cardless payment transactions in retail stores. This protocol is ideal if your device needs to exchange data with another device that\u2019s less than 10cm away. Compared with Bluetooth, NFC can be a great alternative that uses less power and doesn&#8217;t require pairing between devices.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cellular\">Cellular<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GSM\/GPRS\/EDGE (2G), UMTS\/HSPA (3G), LTE (4G)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequencies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 900\/1800\/1900\/2100MHz<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 35km max for GSM, 200km max for HSPA<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 35-170kps (GPRS), 120-384kbps (EDGE), 384Kbps-2Mbps (UMTS), 600kbps-10Mbps (HSPA), 3-10Mbps (LTE) <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your device needs to communicate over hundreds of miles, then the cellular protocol is your best option. This communication technology can send large amounts of data with 4G, but the higher power consumption makes it hit or miss for many IoT applications. Some development boards like <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sparqee.com\/portfolio\/sparqee-cell\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SparqEE<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offer shields that can add cellular connectivity to an existing Raspberry Pi or Arduino Project.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zwave\">Z-Wave<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"105\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Z-Wave_logo.jpg\" alt=\"z-wave\n\" class=\"wp-image-59436\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Z-Wave Alliance ZAD12837 &amp; ITU-T G.9959<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 900MHz (ISM)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 30-100m<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 40-100kbit\/s <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, requires bridge<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This protocol provides low-power RF communications that are typically used in home automation applications for lamp controllers, sensors, etc. Z-Wave is a low-latency technology that has the added benefit of shielding from WiFI and other wireless technologies by operating in the sub-1GHz band. Designers looking for a fast and simple development process often opt for this streamlined protocol known for its easy setup.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"thread\">Thread<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Thread-Group-Vert.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-59441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Thread-Group-Vert.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Thread-Group-Vert-300x106.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Based on IEEE802.15.4 &amp; 6LowPAN<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 2.4GHz (ISM)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 10-30m<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Up to 250 kbps<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Yes, requires bridge<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thread is one of the newest protocols to enter the scene from the creators of Nest and is ramping up usage in home automation applications. This IP-based IPv6 networking protocol is based on 6LowPAN and was designed to compliment WiFi within the home. The Thread protocol is available royalty-free from the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/threadgroup.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thread Group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, supports mesh networking with IEEE802.15.4 radio transceivers, and can handle up to 250 nodes with authentication and encryption.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"enocean\">EnOcean<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"520\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/enocean.png\" alt=\"Enocean\" class=\"wp-image-59446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/enocean.png 520w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/enocean-300x117.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: EnOcean Standard ISO\/IEC 1543-3-1X<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 315 MHz, 868 MHz, 902 MHz<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 300m outdoors, 30m indoors<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Up to 125 kbps<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EnOcean takes a new twist on protocols by positioning itself as an energy harvesting and wireless sensing platform. This makes it ideal if you\u2019re designing devices that need to respond to changes in lighting, temperature and other variable conditions. Most applications for the EnOcean protocol are currently used in industrial automation, home automation, transportation, and logistics.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sigfox\">Sigfox<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"471\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896-1024x471.png\" alt=\"Sigfox\" class=\"wp-image-59451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896-1024x471.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896-768x354.png 768w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896-1536x707.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sigfox_Logo_RGB_1.1489668896.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Sigfox<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 900MHz<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 30-50km rural environments, 3-10km urban environments<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 10-1000bps<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sigfox is an alternative wide-range technology that sits between WiFi and cellular for range capabilities. It was originally created for M2M applications that only transfer low levels of data and have a small battery. Sigfox takes advantage of the Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) which can handle low data-transfer speeds of 10-1,000 bits per second while consuming only 50 microwatts of power. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"rfid\">RFID<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/rfid-logo.jpg\" alt=\"RFID\" class=\"wp-image-59456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/rfid-logo.jpg 735w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/rfid-logo-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Specifications<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Standard<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ISO\/IEC 18000-3<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Frequencies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 120\u2013150 kHz (LF), 13.56 MHz (HF), 433 MHz (UHF), 865-868 MHz (Europe)902-928 MHz (North America) UHF, 2450-5800 MHz (microwave), 3.1\u201310 GHz (microwave) <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Range<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: 10cm to 200m<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Data Rates<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Varies by standard<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Cloud Access: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Details<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RFID uses a set of tags and labels in a radio-frequency identification system to send and receive signals. You\u2019ll find this protocol being used in road tolls, building access control, and inventory control in either passive, active, or battery assisted passive configurations. Some RFID devices will only use battery power when in the presence of an RFID reader which makes it ideal for lower power consumption applications.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"using-a-module-for-your-first-iot-project\">Using a Module for Your First IoT Project<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that you have your protocol selected let\u2019s jump into RF design! Well, hold on, if you\u2019re working for a company that doesn&#8217;t have the resources or time to work with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/eagle\/blog\/rfid-works-antenna-design\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RF and antenna design<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, then you have a problem. Or maybe you feel overwhelmed with your current design requirements and don\u2019t want to deal with FCC compliance and keeping up with the latest RF standards. If this sounds like your situation then using a module is your best bet.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While there are many modules available for the various protocols, we\u2019ll be focusing only on WiFI here. Why? Some of the protocols we listed above still do not have native-IP functionality. Without this, your device won\u2019t be able to send and receive data with over devices over the internet without added gateways and complexity.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is where WiFi comes in. It\u2019s already loaded with native IP functionality, is based on established IEEE 802.11 standards, and can easily scale for increasing data rates and power consumption requirements. Plus, you get the benefit of working with a platform that already has more than 6.8 billion installed devices. Access points should never be a concern.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider this, by adding a WiFI module to your first IoT project you\u2019ll get to work with a part that is already fully tested, calibrated, and certified to meet all of your wireless communication needs. This becomes an attractive plug-and-play solution that can lighten the load on your design process. We\u2019ve got three recommended WiFi modules that you can use for your upcoming project:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"microchip-dm990001\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.digikey.com\/product-detail\/en\/microchip-technology\/DM990001\/DM990001-ND\/5803504\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Microchip DM990001<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This development kit includes two microchip components. The MRF24WG0MA\/B supports both 802.11b and 802.11g standards. The PIC32MX695F512H microcontroller includes 128 Kbytes of RAM and 512 Kbits of flash memory. You\u2019ve also got USB 2.0, 10\/100 Ethernet MAC, and four dedicated memory access channels for both USB and Ethernet. This dev kit works out of the box with Amazon Web Services (AWS), which makes it easy to manage all of your connected devices in the cloud. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/MFG_DM990001.jpg\" alt=\"microchip dm990001\" class=\"wp-image-59461\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/MFG_DM990001.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/MFG_DM990001-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/MFG_DM990001-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/MFG_DM990001-345x345.jpg 345w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"texas-instruments-cc3120mod\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ti.com\/product\/cc3120mod\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Texas Instruments CC3120MOD<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This development kit includes the CC3100R11MRGC WiFi Network Processor along with a complete power management subsystem. It supports 802.11 b\/g\/n modes and includes all required clocks, SPI flash, RF filter, crystal, and passives in one convenient chip. Within this kit, you\u2019ll also get all the software, sample applications, and reference designs you need to kick off your IoT connectivity.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"188\" height=\"143\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/CC3120MOD.jpg\" alt=\"texas instruments cc3120mod\" class=\"wp-image-59466\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"stmicroelectronics-spwf04\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.st.com\/en\/wireless-connectivity\/wi-fi.html?querycriteria=productId=SC1930\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">STMicroelectronics SPWF04<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This module offers a plug-and-play solution to quickly integrate 802.11 b\/g\/n and TCP\/IP technologies into your IoT project. It sports some advanced internet security features like WPA2 Enterprise and a TCP\/IP protocol stack with WebSocket support. This is a great module to use if you\u2019re designing for a small form factor and low power consumption constraints.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"SPWF04 Wi-Fi module\" class=\"wp-image-59471\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/fusion-360\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/en.SPWF04-wifi-module-_newsbite-01-01-1.jpg 1772w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-illusion-of-choice\">The Illusion of Choice<\/h2>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are an overwhelming amount of protocols to choose from when working on an IoT project. Your decision likely won&#8217;t get any easier knowing that there\u2019s no unified standard to work with. So which protocol do you choose? That all comes down to your design requirements. Start by determining your range, bandwidth, node, and power consumption requirements. From there, you can start to narrow down the choices.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/breadware.com\/blog\/iot-communication-protocols\/\">Here is more information to read up on.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It&#8217;s all about choosing a protocol that solves the problems your application is trying to address while being interoperable with other devices on your network. These two requirements alone can turn an overwhelming list of protocols into a manageable set of choices.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ready to start designing your first IoT electronics project? <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/eagle\/free-download\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try Autodesk EAGLE for free today!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Feeling overwhelmed with all of those IoT protocol choices? Here\u2019s an overview of our top ten, and how to pick the right one of your design requirements. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2425,"featured_media":1936,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[286,434],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-1935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eda","category-eagle","dhig-theme--light"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>IoT Protocols for the Electronics Designer | EAGLE | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about the variety of communication protocols available for an Internet of Things (IoT) electronics project including WiFI, Bluetooth, and Zigbee.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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